» Awards (International)

• COGNITIVE2025 (Best Paper Award): Implementation of Structured Memes into Behavioral Ecology via GOMS -- (Kitajima, M., Toyota, M., Dinet, J., and Nakahira, K.T.)
  ... pdf
• AIVR 2025 (Invited for IARIA Journals): Addressing the Symbol Grounding Problem in VR -- (Kitajima, M., Toyota, M., and Nakahira, K.T.)
  ... pdf
• COGNITIVE2024 (Invited for IARIA Journals): Practice Stages for a Proficient Piano Player to Complete a Piece:Understanding the Process based on Two Minds-- (Katsuko T. Nakahira, Muneo Kitajima, Makoto Toyota)
  ... pdf
• AIVR2024 (Invited for IARIA Journals): Model-Based Analysis of the Differences in Sensory Perception between Real and Virtual Space : Toward “Adaptive Virtual Reality”-- (Taichi Nakagawa, Muneo Kitajima, Katsuko T. Nakahira)
  ... pdf
• COGNITIVE2023 (Invited for IARIA Journals): Local-Global Reaction Map: Classification of Listeners by Pupil Response Characteristics when Listening to Sentences Including Emotion Induction Words -- Toward Adaptive Design of Auditory Information -- (Katsuko Nakahira T., Munenori Harada, Muneo Kitajima)
  ... pdf
• COGNITIVE2022 (Invited for IARIA Journals): Guidelines for Designing Interactions Between Autonomous Artificial Systems and Human Beings (Muneo Kitajima, Makoto Toyota, Jerome Dinet)
  ... pdf
• COGNITIVE2021 (Invited for IARIA Journals): The Role of Resonance in the Development and Propagation of Memes (Muneo Kitajima, Makoto Toyota, Jerome Dinet)
  ... pdf
• COGNITIVE2020 (Invited for IARIA Journals): The Concept of Resonance: From Physics to Cognitive Psychology (Jerome Dinet, Muneo Kitajima)
  ... pdf
• HUCAPP2020 (Best Poster Award): How Auditory Information Presentation Timings Affect Memory When Watching Omnidirectional Movie with Audio Guide (Rinki Hirabayashi, Motoki Shino, Katsuko N. T. and Muneo Kitajima)
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• The Best Research Paper Award: - 5th World Conference for Graduate Research in Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure 2010: A Cognitive Chrono-Ethnography Study of Visitors to a Hot Spring Resort, Kinosaki-onsen (Muneo Kitajima, Hirotsugu Tahira, and Sachi Takahashi)
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» Awards (Domestic - in Japan)

• 情報科学技術フォーラム FIT2019（ヤングリサーチャー賞）: 鑑賞行動における記憶促進のための音声ガイド呈示タイミング (平林輪樹, 小竹元基, 中平勝子, 北島宗雄)
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• 情報処理学会（山下記念研究賞, 2016）: 円滑なコミュニケーション形成支援を目的とした符号化・記述手法 (後藤義貴, 中平勝子, 北島宗雄)
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• 人間工学会（大島正光賞, 2008）: 高齢者を対象とした駅の案内表示のユーザビリティ調査：認知機能低下と駅内移動行動の関係の分析 (北島宗雄, 熊田孝恒, 小木元, 赤松幹之, 田平博嗣, 山崎博)
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• 日本認知心理学会（優秀発表賞, 2005）: ユーザビリティ評価のための高齢者の注意・遂行機能評価テストの作成 (熊田孝恒, 北島宗雄, 小木元, 赤松幹之, 山崎博)
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» International Contributions

M. Kitajima participated in the OECD working group to develop the content of the second phase of the PIAAC (The Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies) survey. The MHP/RT was adopted as the basis for capturing adaptive problem-solving skills, which are skills needed for employment. The results of the working group were published by the OECD in a report entitled "Adaptive problem solving Moving toward a new assessment domain in the second cycle of PIAAC".

» » » » » » « « « « « «

» Presentation at The Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Immersive Virtual Reality: AIVR 2025:

1. Addressing the Symbol Grounding Problem in VR
• Presentation Slide

Comment by Makoto Toyota -- This paper explains that the symbol grounding problem, which is an expression that represents the limitations of language processing-based AI, which has recently become popular, has a similar problem in symbols in VR environments such as the metaverse. Professor Hiroshi Ishii of MIT Media Lab also mentioned this problem (MIT Professor Ishii "The sense of tension and trust in reality cannot be reproduced in the metaverse"). From the point of view of cognitive science, this paper explains the problem as the mechanism of the brain. -- 7-April-2025

» Presentation at The Seventeenth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications: COGNITIVE 2025:

1. Implementation of Structured Memes into Behavioral Ecology via GOMS
• Presentation Slide

Comment by Makoto Toyota -- This paper is the last piece in the development of the Toyota-Kitajima Brain Model, which Kitajima and I have been studying for more than 20 years, to understand human behavior from the mechanism of the brain. The content describes the methodology of analysis to understand the overall picture of the collective behavioral ecology, the structural origin of the constructed memes and the method of deciphering it from the structure of memes. I feel fortunate that I was able to work on the very large-scale problem of the human brain and the elucidation of the action selection process generated from it, and to be able to build and complete it with a unique theoretical framework. However, due to the limitation of the number of pages of the paper, there are some parts that have been left behind as explanations, so I think that we will still publish papers to explain additional explanations in the future. -- 7-April-2025

» Presentation at The First International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Immersive Virtual Reality: AIVR 2024:

1. Basic Senses and Their Implications for Immersive Virtual Reality Design
• Presentation Slide

» Presentation at The Sixteenth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications: COGNITIVE 2024:

1. Practice Stages for a Proficient Piano Player to Complete a Piece: Understanding the Process based on Two Minds

» Two Presentations at The Fifteenth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications: COGNITIVE 2023:

1. Art and Brain with Kazuo Takiguchi - Revealing the Meme Structure from the Process of Creating Traditional Crafts -
• Presentation Slide
2. Cognitive Chrono-Ethnography (CCE) to Reveal Personal Walking Motivations and Nudging Habit Formation in Reaction
• Presentation Slide
• video

» Two Presentations at The Fourteenth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications: COGNITIVE 2022:

• Language and Image in Behavioral Ecology
• Guidelines for Designing Interactions Between Autonomous Artificial Systems and Human Beings

» Presentation at The Thirteenth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications: COGNITIVE 2021:

• The Role of Resonance in the Development and Propagation of Memes
• Presentation Slide
• an extended version of this paper has been published as a journal article: How Resonance Works for Development and Propagation of Memes

» Two Presentations at The Twelfth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications: COGNITIVE 2020:

The first paper by Kitajima:

• Cognitive Science Approach to Achieve SDGs
• Presentation Slide

The second paper by Dinet and Kitajima:

• The Concept of Resonance: From Physics to Cognitive Psychology
• Presentation Slide

» New page "Brain Formation Process" is added, that explains how brain develops and how autonomy of consciousness is acquired (15/Nov/2019)

» Publication-Based Presentation for the 41st Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (2019):

• Paper: Cognitive Chrono-Ethnography (CCE): A Behavioral Study Methodology Underpinned by the Cognitive Architectu"re, MHP/RT
• Presentation Slide

» O-PDP: Organic Parallel Distributed Processing (slide)

• O-PDP : In Quest of a Unified Theory of Mind

» Introductory document and materisls for BICA 2014 conference:

• An introductory document: Organic Self-Consistent Field Theory and NDHB-Model/RT on O-PDP
  
• Paper 1: Hierarchical structure of human action selection - An update of Newell’s time scale of human action
  
• Paper 2: Topological Considerations of Memory Structure
  
• Paper 3: The role of consciousness in memorization: Asymmetric functioning of consciousness in memory encoding and decoding
  
• Presentation Slide
  
• Presentation Slide with note
  

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Life as alive

Being life means being alive, that is, self-organizing activities continue in life.

In order for the life to continue its activities, it is necessary to always have a means to supplement the energy of activity in some way. Humans have a mechanism to maintain a life activity by forming a circular ecological relationship with the external environment.

This mechanism of human beings is formed through a long evolution, and the overall structure is built as a body plan of DNA. Based on this DNA, the process from germ cells to an adult living body capable of autonomous activity is called growth.

The most important points in understanding postnatal neural circuit formation are:

• Human life ecology is dynamic and continuous from birth to death, and is operated cyclically according to the extremely stable daily and annual circulation of the earth.
• However, in the global environment, seasonal fluctuations occur in the band because the rotation axis has an inclination with respect to the orbital surface. Therefore, although the neural circuit is continuously formed according to the ecology, the ecology and the neural circuit form a network so as to adapt to the stable circulation and the band-like environmental fluctuations thereon.

Human ecology is formed in various circulatory systems: cyclic ecological relationships with large environments such as the food chain, autonomous circulation such as the respiratory system in the body, and the body that supports life activities themselves. Multiple energy circulation systems, such as the sexual movement chain.

In addition, there are countless small cycles associated with these large cycles. These countless energy cycles form an energy cycle network that crosses variously and repeats merging and separation. However, it is not disordered, it is ordered in the process of long evolution under exposure to adaptive pressure to the environment, and is built as a body plan as a structure. Growth proceeds to simply reproduce its evolutionary formation process.

Absolute Time and Relative Time

If you think of the universe as one unity, there is a single axis that represents the flow of time that is common to all that exists. But everything in the universe is moving, and everything is correlated. It is observed that there is a stable flow in the correlated movement. If we understand that all beings are energy, we can understand that the flow is a cycle of energy variation.

When attention is paid to a certain existence (referred to as a reference existence), other existences related to it are in a relationship in which the relation changes in time series on the flow of absolute time. By relativizing the absolute time of the other existence associated with the absolute time of the reference existence, the former can be grasped from the latter in relation to the relative time.

From the perspective of maintaining the stability of the energy cycle, it can be understood that all beings are under time constraints in relation to other beings.

Autonomous Activities under time constraints

In a time constraint, activities that can be carried out by autonomous activities are limited to a specific range of activities and form an activity band. The activity to be executed is composed of a combination of a part (branch) corresponding to a physical life activity and selection at a branching point.

That is, the processing within the activity band is formed and maintained as a selective network. This selective network is formed empirically through growth. Therefore, it is unique to the individual and exhibits unique characteristics as the individual.

The life world is composed of individual lives that act autonomously. Individual lives survive by forming their selective networks. Then, individual lives are related to each other, and a huge network having a coordination capability by parallel distributed processing is formed and maintained as a multiple hierarchical structure.

Work performed by chaining multiple autonomous systems can be organized and reproduced by accumulating experience. At this time, each autonomous system memorizes and reuses its own work experience. And it functions as a member of multiple systems.

This memory will work effectively in coordination between autonomous systems. This is possible because the memory does not have fixed absolute time or position information, but rather is a topological memory that holds only relative transitions. When reusing, work is restored and reconfigured in real time at that time.

Autopoiesis

An autopoiesis system is a system that is organized as a network that has a process that generates, transforms, and destroys components that can produce the following characteristics, and at the same time has a boundary that separates the exterior from the interior.

1. An autopoietic system continuously regenerates and realizes a network of relationships that realize the process that created these components through the interaction and transformation of those components.
2. The autopoiesis system constitutes the system as a concrete entity in the space where these components exist. The realization method is by designating a topological region in which the system is realized as such a network.

There are four conditions for an autopietic system to realize:

1. Autonomy: Having the ability to deal with changes in the environment in which it is placed.
2. Individuality: Producing all the components by itself, thereby maintaining self-identity.
3. Boundary self-determination: Forming self boundaries on its own in the self-producing process.
4. Not specified by input or output

The feature of the autopoietic system's operation is that it always accepts input and emits signals as needed. This is characterized by the words always sense, sometimes signal. Here, signal includes a superficial appearance (for example, facial expression) that is continuously issued and a single message that is occasionally issued.

The autopoiesis system is actually an incompletely closed system. All are linked to form Gaia.

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Human beings living in the Environment

Living organisms, including human beings, act autonomously. The living environment on the Earth is a field constructed through interactions among the living organisms in a variety of ways. The Earth’s environment changes continuously in a one-year fundamental cycle. In order to attain stability in the ever-changing environment, which incorporates the Earth and the other living organisms, living organisms have developed their own autonomous control systems. The whole universe of complexly interconnected living organisms thus constructed can be called Organic Self-Consistent Field. Figure A depicts such a field from the viewpoint of the information structure. The autonomous living organisms act by mapping the information structure shown in Fig. A onto their brains in their evolution. The nonlinear dynamic human behavior model with real-time constraints represents an organic self-consistent field as a model. It consists of three fundamental nonlinear constructs that correspond to the information structure of Fig. A.

• Brain Information Hydrodynamics (BIH): BIH deals with information flow in the brain and its characteristics in the time dimension. Biological activity can be viewed as the results of information flow in the brain and it shows the characteristics of complex systems and dissipative structure. In other words, it is best characterized by hydrodynamics at the microscopic phenomenological level and by thermodynamics at the macroscopic collective level.
• Structured Meme Theory (SMT): SMT deals with empirical effectiveness of information and its range.
• Maximum Satisfaction Architecture (MSA): MSA deals with how autonomous systems achieve goals under constraints.

Figure A. Organic self-consistent field and three fundamental constructs that should affect to shape the field.

Model Description

BIH, SMT, and MSA jointly define constraints for actions as follows. The phenomena that emerge in the human society are the results of the actions that each human’s autonomous system takes in order to maximize satisfaction and happiness (MSA) under the constraints defined by BIH and SMT. Figure B depicts the brain mechanism according to the proposed model. The brain consists of memory that functions as an autonomous organ and bodily activity control that functions as a somatic organ.

Figure B. Mechanism of the brain explained by the NDHB-Model/RT.

History

Figure C. History.

Details of the Theory

• T-K Brain Model
• MHP/RT: Model Human Processor with Real Time Constraints
• CCE: Cognitive Chrono - Ethnography

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♦ Publications (in Japanese)

– Books

1. 認知科学から考える感性インタラクションデザイン, 北島宗雄(編著)・李昇姫, 博英社, 2022. 書店へ
2. 消費者行動の科学, 北島宗雄・内藤耕(編著), 東京電機大学出版局, 2010. 書店へ

– Lectures at Aoyama Gakuin University

1. Lectures in 2013, 07-01, 07-08, 09-06, 09-13, 10-11, 11-8, 11-20, 12-3, 12-17. (5)
2. Lectures in 2014-1, 01-17, 01-31, 02-14, 02-28, 5-19. (6)
3. Lectures in 2014-2, 03-03, 03-14, 03-24, 04-21. (7)

♦ Publications (in English)

– Books

1. 2017.6 - Adaptive problem solving: Moving towards a new assessment domain in the second cycle of PIAAC OECD Education Working Papers(), Samuel Greiff, Katharina Scheiter, Ronny Scherer, Francesca Borgonovi, Ann Britt, Art Graesser, Muneo Kitajima, & Jean-François Rouet, 2017. html
2. 2016.2 - Memory and Action Selection in Human-Machine Interaction (Human-Machine Interaction Set: Information Systems, Web and Pervasive Computing), Kitajima, M., Wiley-ISTE, 2016. info

– Journal Articles

1. 2024.12 - Original Article - International Journal on Advances in Life Sciences , 16, 164-177, Nakahira, K.T., Kitajima, M., and Toyota, M.: "Understanding Practice Stages for a Proficient Piano Player to Complete a Piece: Focusing on the Interplay Between Conscious and Unconscious Processes"
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2. 2024.10 - Original Article - Cities and Health , Hanssen, M., Fujita, N., Kitajima, M., and Lee, SH.: "Third place visits and associations with walking habit formation: an exploratory study extending Cognitive Chrono-Ethnography"
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3. 2022.12 - Original Article - Guidelines for Designing Interactions Between Autonomous Artificial Systems and Human Beings to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals, International Journal on Advances in Intelligent Systems, 15, 188-200, html
   
4. 2021.12 - Original Article - How Resonance Works for Development and Propagation of Memes, International Journal on Advances in Systems and Measurements, 14, 148-161, html
   
5. 2013 - Original Article - Decision-making and action selection in Two Minds: An analysis based on Model Human Processor with Realtime Constraints (MHP/RT), Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures, DOI:10.1016/j.bica.2013.05.003
6. 2012 - Original Article - Understanding Tourists' In Situ Behavior: A Cognitive Chrono-Ethnography Study of Visitors to a Hot Spring Resort, Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 13, 247-270, DOI:10.1080/0144929X.2011.602427
7. 2011 - Original Article - Simulating navigation behaviour based on the architecture model Model Human Processor with Real-Time Constraints (MHP/RT), Behaviour & Information Technology, 31, 1, 41-58, DOI:10.1080/0144929X.2011.602427
8. 2008 - Original Article - Usability of Guide Signs at Railway Stations for Elderly Passengers Focusing on Planning, Attention, and Working Memory, Ergonomics, 44 (3), 131-143. (in Japanese)

– Conference Papers (incl. Posters)

1. 2025.4 - Paper(4.7) - COGNITIVE 2025 : The Seventeenth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications (2025.4, Valencia, Spain), Kitajima, M., Toyota, M., Dinet, J., and Nakahira, K.T.: Implementation of Structured Memes into Behavioral Ecology via GOMS.
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2. 2025.4 - Paper(4.7) - AIVR 2025 : The Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Immersive Virtual Reality (2025.4, Valencia, Spain), Kitajima, M., Toyota, M., and Nakahira, K.T.: Addressing the Symbol Grounding Problem in VR.
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3. 2024.4 - Paper(4.14) - AIVR 2024 : The First International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Immersive Virtual Reality (2024.4, Venice, Italy), Kitajima, M., Toyota, M., Dinet, J., Bystrzycki, A., Eby, A-M., and Gérard, M.: Basic Senses and Their Implications for Immersive Virtual Reality Design.
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4. 2024.4 - Paper(4.14) - COGNITIVE 2024 : The Sixteenth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications (2024.4, Venice, Italy), Nakahira, K.T., Kitajima, M., and Toyota, M.: Practice Stages for a Proficient Piano Player to Complete a Piece: Understanding the Process based on Two Minds.
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5. 2023.6 - Paper(6.26) - COGNITIVE 2023 : The Fifteenth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications (2023.6, Nice, France), Kitajima, M., Toyota, M., and Dinet, J.: Art and Brain with Kazuo Takiguchi - Revealing the Meme Structure from the Process of Creating Traditional Crafts -.
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6. 2023.6 - Paper(6.26) - COGNITIVE 2023 : The Fifteenth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications (2023.6, Nice, France), Hanssen, M., Kitajima, M., and Lee SH..: Cognitive Chrono-Ethnography (CCE) to Reveal Personal Walking Motivations and Nudging Habit Formation in Reaction.
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7. 2022.4 - Paper(4.28) - COGNITIVE 2022 : The Fourteenth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications (2022.4, Barcelona, Spain), Kitajima, M., Toyota, M., Dinet, J., Amiot, C., Bauchet, C., and Verdel, H.: Language and Image in Behavioral Ecology.
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8. 2022.4 - Paper(4.28) - COGNITIVE 2022 : The Fourteenth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications (2022.4, Barcelona, Spain), Kitajima, M., Toyota, M., and Dinet, J.: Guidelines for Designing Interactions Between Autonomous Artificial Systems and Human Beings.
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9. 2021.4 - Paper(4.23) - COGNITIVE 2021 : The Thirteenth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications (2021.4, Porto, Portugal), Kitajima, Toyota, and Dinet: The Role of Resonance in the Development and Propagation of Memes.
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10. 2020.10 - Paper(10.27) - COGNITIVE 2020 : The Twelfth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications (2020.10, Nice, France), Dinet and Kitajima: The Concept of Resonance: From Physics to Cognitive Psychology.
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11. 2020.10 - Paper(10.27) - COGNITIVE 2020 : The Twelfth International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications (2020.10, Nice, France), Kitajima: Cognitive Science Approach to Achieve SDGs.
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12. 2019.7 - Paper (7.25) - Cognitive Science 2019 (2019.7, Montreal), Kitajima: "Cognitive Chrono-Ethnography (CCE): A Behavioral Study Methodology Underpinned by the Cognitive Architecture, MHP/RT"
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13. 2019.5 - Paper(5.7) - COGNITIVE 2019 : The Eleventh International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications (2019.5, Venice, Italy), Kitajima, Dinet and Toyota: Multimodal Interactions Viewed as Dual Process on Multi-Dimensional Memory Frames under Weak Synchronization.
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14. 2018.4 - Paper(4.5) - VRIC '18: Virtual Reality International Conference - Laval Virtual VRIC '18, April 4 - 6, 2018, LAVAL, France. Dinet and Kitajima: Immersive Interfaces for Engagement and Learning: Cognitive Implications.
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15. 2018.3 - Invited Talk(3.20) - Psychology and neuroscience lab, University of Larraine, Kitajima, M: "O-PDP: Structure and Process ~ In Quest of a Unified Theory of Mind ~"
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16. 2015.11 - Paper(11.7) - 6th International Conference of Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2015 (2015.11, Lyon, France)、Kitajima, and Toyota: Guidelines for designing artifacts for the dual-process.
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17. 2015.11 - Paper(11.6) - 6th International Conference of Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2015 (2015.11, Lyon, France)、Kitajima, and Toyota: Multi-dimensional memory frames and action generation in the MHP/RT cognitive architecture.
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18. 2015.9 - Invited Talk(9.18) - The 32nd Annual Meeting of the Japanese Cognitive Science Society (2015.9, Chiba, Japan), Kitajima: Two Minds and action selection/multi-dimensional memory frames.
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19. 2015.3 - Paper(3.23) - COGNITIVE 2015 : The Seventh International Conference on Advanced Cognitive Technologies and Applications (2015.3, Nice, France), Kitajima and Toyota: Two Minds and Emotion.
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20. 2014.11 - Paper(11.9) - 5th International Conference of Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2014 (2014.11, MIT, Boston, USA)、Kitajima, and Toyota: The role of consciousness in memorization: Asymmetric functioning of consciousness in memory encoding and decoding.
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21. 2014.11 - Paper(11.9) - 5th International Conference of Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2014 (2014.11, MIT, Boston, USA)、Kitajima, and Toyota: Topological Considerations of Memory Structure.
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22. 2014.11 - Paper(11.9) - 5th International Conference of Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2014 (2014.11, MIT, Boston, USA)、Kitajima, and Toyota: Hierarchical structure of human action selection - An update of Newell's time scale of human action.
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23. 2013.8 - Poster (8.1) - Cognitive Science 2013 (2013.8, Berlin), Kitajima, and Toyota: "Distributed Memory System Architecture based on the Analyses of Human Brain Memory"
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24. 2013.4 - Workshop(4.28) - Position paper presented at the workshop on "Avec le Temps! Time, Tempo, and Turns in Human-Computer Interaction" in CHI'2013 (2013.4, Paris, France), Kitajima, and Toyota: Designing Interactions for Two Minds with the Real Brain Model "MHP/RT"
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25. 2012.11 - Paper(11.1) - 3rd International Conference of Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2012 (2012.11, Palermo, Italy), Kitajima, and Toyota: "Cognitive Chrono-Ethnography: A Methodology for Understanding Users for Designing Interactions Based on User Simulation with Cognitive Architectures"
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26. 2012.11 - Paper(11.1) - 3rd International Conference of Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2012 (2012.11, Palermo, Italy), Kitajima, and Toyota: "Decision-Making and Action Selection in Two Minds"
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27. 2012.4 - Poster(4.14) - 11th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (2012.4, Berlin, Germany), Kitajima, and Toyota: "The Role of Memory in MHP/RT: Organization, Function and Operation"
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28. 2012.2 - Paper(2.16) - IEA 2012: 18th World congress on Ergonomics - Designing a sustainable future (2012.2, Recife, Brazil), Kitajima: "Cognitive Chrono-Ethnography (CCE): a methodology for anticipating future user needs"
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29. 2012.2 - Paper(2.14) - IEA 2012: 18th World congress on Ergonomics - Designing a sustainable future (2012.2, Recife, Brazil), Nakajima, Yamada, and Kitajima: "Cognitive Chrono-Ethnography Lite"
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30. 2011.11 - Paper(11.6) - 2nd International Conference of Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 2011 (2011.11, Arlington, Virginia, USA), Kitajima, and Toyota: "Four Processing Modes of in situ Human Behavior"
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31. 2011.10 - Paper(10.25) - IHM 2011 (2011.10, Nice, France), Dinet, & Kitajima: ""Draw me the Web". Impact of mental model of the Web on information search performance of young users"
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32. 2011.7 - Poster (7.22) - Cognitive Science 2011 (2011.7, Boston), Kitajima, Toyota, Yoshino, Matsumoto, Tahira, and Miyaji: "Relationship Between Episodic Memory Formation and Two Minds"
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33. 2011.7 - Poster (7.21) - Cognitive Science 2011 (2011.7, Boston), Toyota, and Kitajima: "MultiDimensional (MD) Frame: The Basic Elements of Memory Structure"
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34. 2010.8 - Poster (8.12) - Cognitive Science 2010 (2010.8, Portland), Toyota, and Kitajima: "MHP/RT: Model Human Processor with Real Time Constraints"
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35. 2010.8 - Poster (8.12) - Cognitive Science 2010 (2010.8, Portland), Kitajima, and Toyota: "CCE: Cognitive Chrono - Ethnography"
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36. 2010.5 - Paper(5.28) - 5th World Conference for Graduate Research in Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure (2010.5, Cappadocia, Turkey), Kitajima, Tahira, and Takahashi: "A Cognitive Chrono - Ethnography Study of Visitors to a Hot Spring Resort, Kinosaki-onsen"
    -- The Best Research Paper Award!!
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37. 2010.5 - Invited Speech (5.14) - 2010 Spring Conference of Korean Society for Emotion & Sensibility and Korea-Japan Cooperative Symposium, Kitajima: "Cognitive Chrono - Ethnography: A Method for Understanding People's Conscious and Unconscious Behavioral Selections while Receiving Services"
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38. 2009.10 - Paper(10.22) - HFES 2009 (2009.10, San Antonio), Kitajima, Akamatsu, Maruyama, Kuroda, Katou, Kitazaki, Minowa, Inagaki, & Kajikawa: "Information for Helping Drivers Achieve Safe and Enjoyable Driving: An On-Road Observational Study"
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39. 2009.7 - Poster(7.30) - Cognitive Science 2009 (2009.7, Amsterdam), Toyota, and Kitajima: "Dynamics of consciousness-emotion interaction: an explanation by NDHB-Model/RT"
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40. 2009.7 - Poster(7.30) - Cognitive Science 2009 (2009.7, Amsterdam), Kitajima, and Toyota: "Autonomous Systems Interaction Design (ASID) based on NDHB-Model/RT"
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41. 2009.5 - Poster(5.30) - NASSM 2009 (2009.5, South Carolina., USA), Someya, Kitajima, Tahira, and Kajikawa: "Project B*B: Developmental processes of fan loyalty for the professional baseball team 'The Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters'"
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42. 2009.2 - Presented at Workshop (2.5) - HCIC 2009 Winter Workshop, Boaster Autonomous Systems Interaction Design (ASID) based on the Nonlinear Dynamic Human Behavior Model with Real Time Constraints (NDHB-Model/RT)
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43. 2008.7 - Poster (7.26) - Cognitive Science 2008, Toyota, Kitajima, and Shimada: "Structured Meme Theory: How Is Informational Inheritance Maintained?"
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44. 2008.7 - Poster (7.24) - Cognitive Science 2008, Kitajima, Toyota, and Shimada: "Model Brain: Brain Information Hydrodynamics"
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45. 2007.8 - Poster (8.2) - Cognitive Science 2007, Kitajima, Shimada, and Toyota: "MSA:Maximum Satisfaction Architecture: A Basis for Designing Intelligent Autonomous Agents on WEB 2.0"
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